Causes of Household Food Insecurity in Koredegaga Peasant Association, Oromiya Zone, Ethiopia

The main objective of the study is to examine the determinants of households food security using a logistic regression procedure. Initially the model was fitted with eleven factors of which six were found to be significant and all had the expected signs. These include farm land size, ox ownership, fertilizer application, education level of household heads, household size, and per capita production. The result obtained was further analyzed to compute partial effects and to conduct simulation studies on significant factors. Analysis of partial effects revealed that an introduction to fertilizer use and an improvement in the educational level of household heads give relatively higher changes in the probably of food security. On the other hand, simulations conducted on the basis of the base category of farmers, representing food secure households, revealed that both educational levels of household heads and fertilizer applications by farmers have relatively high potential to more than double the number of food secure households in the study area following improvements in these factors.Food Security and Poverty,

Causes of household food insecurity in Koredegaga Peasant Association, Oromiya Zone, Ethiopia

The main objective of the study was to examine the determinants of households' food security using a logistic regression procedure. The model was initially fitted with eleven factors, of which six were found to be significant, and all exhibited the expected signs. These include farmland size, ox ownership, fertilizer application, education level of household heads, household size, and per capita production. The result was analyzed further to compute partial effects and to conduct simulation studies on significant determinant factors. Analysis of partial effects revealed that an introduction to fertilizer use and an improvement in the educational levels of household heads lead to relatively greater probability of food security. On the other hand, simulations were conducted on the basis of the base category of farmers, representing food secure households, revealed that both educational levels of household heads and fertilizer application by farmers have relatively high potential to more than double the number of food secure households in the study area following improvements in these factors.Food Security and Poverty,

EXPORT SUPPLY RESPONSE OF THE AUSTRALIAN CITRUS INDUSTRY

A model of export supply response of the Australian citrus industry is developed and estimated using cointegration and error correction techniques and quarterly data for the period 1983 to 1993. The estimates suggest that, even in the long run, the supply of citrus exports is inelastic with respect to relative price. The results also show that the adjustment of export supply to changes in relative price is not instantaneous, the domestic production capacity has a significant positive impact on export supply, and export supply in the June quarter in each year is significantly lower than in other quarters

Causes of Household Food Insecurity in Koredegaga Peasant Association, Oromiya Zone, Ethiopia

The main objective of the study is to examine the determinants of households' food security using a logistic regression procedure. Initially the model was fitted with eleven factors of which six were found to be significant and all had the expected signs. These include farm land size, ox ownership, fertilizer application, education level of household heads, household size, and per capita production. The result obtained was further analyzed to compute partial effects and to conduct simulation studies on significant factors. Analysis of partial effects revealed that an introduction to fertilizer use and an improvement in the educational level of household heads give relatively higher changes in the probably of food security. On the other hand, simulations conducted on the basis of the base category of farmers, representing food secure households, revealed that both educational levels of household heads and fertilizer applications by farmers have relatively high potential to more than double the number of food secure households in the study area following improvements in these factors

Causes of household food insecurity in Koredegaga Peasant Association, Oromiya Zone, Ethiopia

The main objective of the study was to examine the determinants of households' food security using a logistic regression procedure. The model was initially fitted with eleven factors, of which six were found to be significant, and all exhibited the expected signs. These include farmland size, ox ownership, fertilizer application, education level of household heads, household size, and per capita production. The result was analyzed further to compute partial effects and to conduct simulation studies on significant determinant factors. Analysis of partial effects revealed that an introduction to fertilizer use and an improvement in the educational levels of household heads lead to relatively greater probability of food security. On the other hand, simulations were conducted on the basis of the base category of farmers, representing food secure households, revealed that both educational levels of household heads and fertilizer application by farmers have relatively high potential to more than double the number of food secure households in the study area following improvements in these factors

EXPORT SUPPLY RESPONSE OF THE AUSTRALIAN CITRUS INDUSTRY

A model of export supply response of the Australian citrus industry is developed and estimated using cointegration and error correction techniques and quarterly data for the period 1983 to 1993. The estimates suggest that, even in the long run, the supply of citrus exports is inelastic with respect to relative price. The results also show that the adjustment of export supply to changes in relative price is not instantaneous, the domestic production capacity has a significant positive impact on export supply, and export supply in the June quarter in each year is significantly lower than in other quarters.Demand and Price Analysis,

Assessment of sanitary status of food and drinks catering establishments: A descriptive observational study in south East Asmara, Eritrea, 2019

Objective: Lack of basic infrastructure, poor practices of hygiene in food service establishments can contribute to outbreaks of foodborne illnesses. The aims of this study was to explore the sanitary conditions of food and drink catering establishment services in South East Asmara, Eritrea.&nbsp;Methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted among 139 food and drinks catering establishments in South East Asmara from June to September 2019. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaire for obtaining socio-demographic information of the manager or owner and observation checklist was used to assess the overall physical sanitary status of the establishment. Factors influencing vermin infestation, kitchen and latrine cleanliness were further investigated. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22. The descriptive results were summarized using frequencies and percentages in tables and graphs. Dining premises, kitchens and stores were categorized as clean, if the floor, wall, and ceiling of the premises were found clean. Moreover, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were done to find out the main factors influencing vermin infestation, kitchen and latrine cleanliness.&nbsp;Results: Out of the total 139 food and drink catering establishments assessed, about one-tenth (8.6%) of the establishments’ dining room, a third (33.3%) of the stores and 31.5% of the kitchens were in a poor and unclean sanitary conditions. Good premise floor status (AOR=18.03; 95%CI (2.09-155.1), P&lt;0.05), availability of adequate light (AOR=5.02; 95%CI (1.01, 24.99), P&lt;0.05), running water (AOR=0.26; 95%CI (0.09, 0.72), P&lt;0.05) and dustbin availability (AOR=4.32; 95%CI (1.06, 21.6), P&lt;0.05) were found having significant association with overall cleanliness of the kitchen. Two-third (65%) of the establishments’ latrines were clean. Availability of separate latrine for male and female (AOR=2.34; 95%CI (1.06, 5.18), P&lt;0.05), and separate latrine for clients and workers (AOR=3.41; 95%CI (1.10, 10.57) were the main factors potentiating latrine cleanliness. More than a third (37.4%) of the establishments were found to be infested by vermin. Nearer kitchen distance from latrine (AOR=3.65; 95%CI (1.60, 8.35), p&lt;0.05), presence of pets (AOR=4.1; 95%CI (1.17, 14.40), and breeding of insects in the liquid waste disposal (AOR=4.08; 95%CI (3.37, 12.17), p&lt;0.01) had significantly increased the presence of vermin infestation.&nbsp;Conclusion: The sanitary condition of the food and drinks catering establishments in the study area was found to be poor.&nbsp; There is a need to impose regulations and guidelines governing the basic sanitary requirement of the food and drinks catering establishments.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p